DATELINE | |
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Time | Events |
1100 | Kipchaks are subdivided into hordes: Dniepr, Don, Lower Itil (Kipchak-Saksin), Eastern (Kipchak) |
1103 | Established settlement Uchel (Kazan) |
1103 | W. Kipchaks are raided and defeated on river Suten (Molochnaya) by Voldemir Monomakh and Svyatopolk Izyaslavich of Kiev. 20 Kipchak princes died. Kipchaks retreat from Bug |
1109 | Don Kipchaks are invaded and defeated by Rus Knyazes |
1110 | Kipchaks stone monuments spread in Dniepr basin, Crimea, N.Azov, Don, itil, N Caucasus |
1111 | Don Kipchaks are again invaded and defeated by Rus Knyazes |
1116 | Don Kipchaks are again invaded and defeated by Rus Knyazes. Cities Sharukhan, Sugrov and Balin with Alano-Bulgar populations are taken |
1116 | (1116-1236) End of Russo-Kipchak wars. Kipchaks ally with Rus Principalities and join in in Rus intestine wars. In 120 years Kipchaks participate in 16 Russo-Russo wars, with only 6 Russo-Kipchak invasions and 6 Kipchak-Russo invasions |
1117 | Kipchaks under Khan Otrok retreat to N Caucasus steppes. Kipchak Khan Syrchan remains in Don Steppes. Kipchaks under Khan Otrok on way to N Caucasus destroy Sarkel, last known as Itil Bulgarian domain. Its inhabitants with Besenyos (Bedjenek) and Oguz Tür |
1118 | Itil Bulgaria Khan Adam (1076-1118) died, Shamgun (Sain) becomes Khan (1118-1135) |
1118 | Old capital city Bulgar becomes capital of Itil Bulgaria instead of city Bilyar |
1118 | Kipchaks make peace with Alans. Khan Otrak has 40K army and is allied with Georgian King David IV the Builder and participates in war with Seljuks. A number of Kipchaks settle in Georgia |
1120 | Capital of Itil Bulgaria is again transferred from city Bulgar to city Bilyar |
1122 | As-Tarkhan established settlement As-Tarkhan (Astrakhan) |
1122 | Ruses defeat Cumans |
1123 | Scyths/Besenyos (Bedjenek) reported as really wiped out by Byzantine Emperor John II in 1123 |
1124 | Formation of Kara Kitai Empire in Transoxania |
1130 | 1130-1150 Kipchaks participate in intercine wars of Rus principalities. |
1135 | Itil Bulgaria Khan Shamgun (Sain) (1118-1135) died, Khisam Anbal becomes Khan (1135-1164) |
1136 | Khan Khisam Anbal established station Omek (Omsk) |
1137 | Khan Khisam Anbal established station Kazgyn (Novosibirsk) |
1201 | Tatars join anti-Wamg-Khan an Chingiz Khan coalition that included 8 Mongol clans, and Türkic Markit, Oirat, Naiman |
1202 | Kipchak Khan Kotyan's reign (1202-1240 ) over territories in N. Pontic and Hungary |
1202 | After subjugating Mongolian clan Tayichi'ut, Chingiz Khan turns to Chaghan Tatars and Alchi Tatars. Tatars vanquished and were massacred and were distributed among Mongol tribes. Chingiz Khan choosed two beautiful Tatar women, Yesui and Yesugan |
1202 | Further east, Solons, of river Nonni, acknowledge Chingiz Khan as tributaries |
1203 | Chingiz Khan is in control of eastern Mongolia. Naimans under Khan Tayang remain in control of western Mongolia |
1203 | Türkic tribes Markit, Oirat, Tatars, with rebel Mongolian clans, unite against Chingiz Khan, but he is warned about war by Ongut-Türks' Alaqush-tegin, invited into alliance to outflank Chingiz Khan |
1203 | Chingiz Khan calls quriltai and starts a war against Naimans and allies |
1206 | Chingiz Khan calls quriltai and is proclaimed Khagan of all Turco-Mongol peoples |
1206 | Khazar Jews are reported to use a form of Cyrillic script. |
1209 | Uighurs, under Barchuq, submit to Mongol rule |
1212 | End of KARAHANID Empire 932 – 1212A.D Founder - Saltuk Bugra Han Area - All Trans-Oxus area including area between Issyk and Balkash Lakes |
1218 | Chingiz Khan starts western campaign |
1219 | Chingiz Khan grants Muyten Bey yarlik for Bashkir? Kipchak? Ulus from Yaik and Agizel (Belaya), tributary of Kama, to Irtish |
1220 | Chingiz Khan conquest of Bukhara, Samarkand, Tirmidh and Gurganj |
1220 | Uchel (Kazan) renamed Gazan |
1220 | Rus Knyaz George II of Vladimir raids Itil Bulgars, captures Oshel and other cities along Kama. Bilyar city was saved by paying rich ransome |
1221 | Chingiz Khan conquest of Balkh, Merv, Heart and Nishapur |
1222 | Defeat of Alans and Kipchaks in first fight against Mongol-Tatars. Mongol-Tatars seizing capital of Alania Magas (Meget) |
1223 | Itil Bulgaria Khan Gabdulla Chelbir makes a deal with Juchi to help him in taking Khwarezm, Persia and Caucasus in exchange of not attacking Itil Bulgaria |
1223 | An important Russo-Kipchak force was defeated on , at battle of Kalka |
1223 | War councel in Kiev: Kipchak Khan Kotyak Galicia Knyaz Mstislav Mstislavich Udaloy (Brave) Kiev Knyaz Mstislav Romanovich Chernigov Knyaz Mstislav Svyatoslavich Volyn Knyaz Daniil Kursk Knyaz Oleg Smolensk Knyaz Vladimir Former Novgorod Knyaz Vsevolod |
1223 | 80K Russo-Kipchak force was defeated by 20K, 3 tumen force of Subetai on June 16, (May 31?) 1223, at battle of Kalka |
1223 | Gabdulla Chelbir collects 24K army, of 5K Kursybays, 3K militia of Dair Tetush, 6K Kazanchies, 10K Bashkorts. Staged at Kermek, NW of Mardan-Sember (Simbirsk), Left bank of Itil. Subetai had 20K Tataro-Mongols, and 50K Turkmen and Kumans |
1223 | Second son of Subetai Uran Kytai led a battle at Kermek and ordered a surrender to Gabdulla Chelbir of 38K surviving troops. Subetai lost 4K dead, and ransomed captured in exchange for sheep |
1223 | Chingiz Khan army penetration as far as Novgorod. |
1225 | Itil Bulgaria Khan Gabdulla Chelbir (1178-1225) dies, ?? becomes Khan (?) |
1227 | Juchi dies, Batu becomes Ulus Juchi (Kipchak) Khan (1227-1255) |
1227 | Cuman Khan west of the Dneiper Barc/Bortz/Bortch (Turk. "debt") and 15,000 of his people baptized as Catholics and swear allegiance to Hungary in Moldavia |
1228 | First bishopric of Cumania, with seat at Milkov in Moldavia, established in Transylvania and King Béla IV of Hungary assumed title “king of Cumania” |
1229 | Itil Bulgaria Khan ?? died, Gazi Baradj becomes Khan (1229-1246) |
1229 | Chingiz Khan dies in 1229, Ogodei becomes Khan (1229-1241). |
1235 | Eastern Desht-I Kipchak from Altai to Idel are included in Tataro-Mongol Empire Kipchak Kaganaate |
1236 | 5 November 1236 Capital of Itil Bulgaria Bilyar is taken by Batu |
1237 | Capture of Bulgar city and Voronej by Batu Tataro-Mongols, and subjugation of Bulgar population |
1237 | Batu founded his capital, Sarai Batu, in city Saksin-Bolgar on lower stretch of Itil. Capital was later moved upstream to Sarai Berke, which at its peak held perhaps 600,000 inhabitants |
1237 | Batu Khan becomes ruler of Kipchak Kaganate (Altyn Urdu) |
1237 | Batu army invades Asses and Kipchaks in N.W. Caspian and N. Caucasus. Leading Kipchak warrior Bachman killed, Khan Kotyan retreat beyond Tanais. Batu starts encircling maneuver going through Burtases, Erzya, Moksha, and Rus |
1237 | KIPCHAK KHANATE (ALTYN URDU) (GOLDEN HORDE) 1224 - 1502 A.D Founder - Batur Han Area - Eastern Europe, Western Ural Area, Crimea and area to north of Itil |
1238 | Capture of Moscow, Vladimir and Suzdal. |
1239 | King Béla IV of Hungary granted asylum to Cumans and their prince Kuthen, who had earlier unsuccessfully tried organize Rus resistance to Mongols |
1239 | Assimilation of Alania into Ulus Juchi |
1240 | Batu Khan controls Kipchak, Bulgar, Rus Principalities |
1240 | Batu Khan sack and burn city of Kiev in 1241, and subjugate S.Slavic population |
1240 | Türkic tribes concentrated on animal husbandry in steppes, while their subject peoples, Russ, Mordvinians, Greeks, Georgians, and Armenians, contributed tribute |
1240 | Cumans' leader Kuthen, considered a dangerous alien, is murdered. Cumans left Hungary but resettled there by Béla IV in 1245 |
1241 | Death of Ogodei (1229-1241), Shiramon becomes Khan (1241-1242), then Toragana (Regent) (1242-1246) |
1241 | Tataro-Mongols defeat of Hungarians and European knights. Invasion of Poland all the way to Silesia. Poles beaten in battle of Legnica and Henry the Pious of Silesia killed, yet Poland avoided fate befallen to Ruthenia conquered by Mongols |
1241 | Cumans exacted revenge upon the Hungarians by deserting them in their greatest time of need. They fled to the Balkans, ravaging as they went |
1241 | Mongols defeat Hungarians and European knights |
1241 | Cumans lose control of Moldova to Mongols (1241-1286 ) |
1242 | End of Daghestani Khazar kingdom |
1243 | Great Prince Yaroslav II of Vladimir calls a meeting of Rus Knyazes, suggests recognizing Khan Batu as Tsar, and concluding a treaty with Bordjugins clan of Batu, to find a protection from conquering by Teutons and Lithuania |
1243 | City Saksin-Bolgar is renamed Sarai Batu |
1243 | MONGOL EMPIRE 1229 – 1405A.D Founder - Chingiz Khan Area – From Mideterranian to Pacific, from Baltic to Indian Ocean |
1246 | Guük becomes Mongol Khan (1246-1248), then Oghul Ghaimish (Regent) (1248-1251) |
1246 | Itil Bulgaria Khan Gazi Baradj (1229-1246) died |
1246 | City Nur-Suvar destroyed (922-1246). Present name Tatarskiy (Sham-Suar) |
1248 |
Appointment of metropolitan for Khanbalik (Peking) |
1249 | Establishment of Kipchak Türkic Mamluk dynasty in Egypt |
1249 |
1249-1345 Date of inscriptions on Nestorian gravestones near Bishkek |