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Türkic Alphabet

Russian Version needs a translation

Contents of section Türkic Alphabet

  The Issyk Inscription  
Issyk Alphabet - Historiography and prior attempts
A.S. Amanjolov History Of The Ancient Türkic Script - Table of Contents
A.S. Amanjolov Genesis Of Türkic Runic Alphabet - Chapter 10
A.G. Mukhamadiev Türkic Coins in Eastern Europe and Chorasm - Table of Contents
I.L Kyzlasov Paleography of 8 Türkic Alphabets
Amanjolov Alphabet Table (Eastern Asia)
Baichorov Alphabet Table (Western Asia and Europe)
Mukhamadiev Alphabet Table
Kyzlasov Alphabet Table
I.L Kyzlasov Orkhon Alphabet Oldest Known Alphabet Manuscripts
S. Baichorov European Türkic Grammar
  Djagfar Tarihi annals Gazi Baba On Alphabet of Danube Bulgars  
Türkic and Kharosthi Table
Karosthi (indoeuro.bizland.com)
Karosthi (Kharosthi) Script (Omniglot)
Karosthi-Aramaic Script
Sogdian Alphabet Table
I. Taylor The Alphabet
A.Toth Agglutinative languages

Introduction

I open this page with a Comparative Chart Table of Turanian (200-150 BC to 10 c AD) and Türkic (Kök-Türk, 8 c AD) alphabets, developed by Azgar Mukhamadiev. It compares alphabets separated by centuries, enormous distances, and connected with different historical personalities. The Türkic alphabet, published in 1730 and deciphered by V. Tomsen in 1893, is well known for more than a century. The deciphering of the inscriptions in the Turanian alphabet by A. Mukhamadiev cracked open a window into the history, life, and religions of the Central Asian and N. Pontic area of the period that includes the European Hunnish Empire.

The oldest inscription read the Türkic alphabet, the Issyk Inscription, written on a flat silver drinking cup, was found in 1970 in a royal tomb located within Balykchy (Issyk), a town in Kyrgyzstan near Lake Issyk, and was typologically dated by the 5th c. BC. The first known inscription in the related Karosthi script was found in Pakistan and dates to 251 BC.

The inscriptions in Türkic alphabet were not limited to Türkic languages, as is evidenced by Slavic inscriptions of the pre-Glagolic time (before 9 c.). It is also notable that the emergence of the Nordic runic script roughly coincides with the expansion of the Hunnic Empire into the N. Europe and Scandinavia.

The latest preserved inscription in the Türkic alphabet was found in Hungary and dates to 1699.

During the millenniums of their history on the expanses of Eurasia, the Türkic-speaking people also used other systems of writing.

Links

Azgar Mukhamadiev
PROBLEMS OF LINGO-ETHNO-HISTORY OF THE TATAR PEOPLE
From the article “Turanian Writing” in the book “Problems Of Lingo-ethno-history Of The Tatar People”, Kazan, 1995, page 38
TURANIAN WRITING

Table 1

Comparative chart of Turanian and Türkic alphabets
Turanian ca 2th c. BC - ca 6th c. AD, Türkic - ca 6th c BC - 16th c. AD
dates are more arbitrary then actual
1 — with back vowels, 2 — with front vowels
Unicode form and letters with suffix "a" are added to original table

No Lat. Turanian letters Unicode
Turanian
Türkic letters Unicode
Türkic
No Lat. Turanian letters Unicode
Turanian
Türkic letters Unicode
Türkic
1 а, ä   23 nt -  
2 b1   24 -  
3 b2 -   25 о, и  
4 č 26 oq,uq  
5 d1   27 ö, ü
6 d2 -   28 ν   -  
7 γ   29 p  
8 g   30 r1  
9 i   31 r2  
10 y   -   32 s1  
11 j1 -   33 s 2  
12 j2   34 t1  
13 q   35 t2  
14 k   36 th   -  
15 l1   37 x1   -  
16 l2 -   38 x2   -  
17 lt -   39 h1   -  
18 m   40 h2   -  
19 n1   41 š
20 n 2   42 z
21 ή   43 ž -  
22 nj,ny            
            4a  
            13a iq      
            26a uk      
            44a sep.      

Distribution of the the Euro Asiatic and the Asiatic groups of the Türkic alphabets

(Per I.L. Kyzlasov)

REFERENCES

Issyk Inscription

http://www.lostlanguages.com/saka.htm => Try http://web.archive.org/web/

TürkicKök-Türk alphabets

Oldest known record of the Orkhon Alphabet 

http://www.tonyukuk.net/Orkun.ttf  => Try http://web.archive.org/web/

http://www.tonyukuk.net/tongiris.htm  => Try http://web.archive.org/web/

http://www.omniglot.com/writing/orkhon.htm

http://www.antalya-ws.com/futhark/FUTHA2E.HTM Oldest inscriptions in futhark

HungarianTürkic Writing

http://fang.fa.gau.hu/~heves/runic.html  => Try http://web.archive.org/web/

SlavicWriting

http://members.tripod.com/~Groznijat/pb_lang/suppl3.html

RunicScript

http://www.antalya-ws.com/futhark/FUTHP2E.HTM

http://www.turcoman.btinternet.co.uk/futhark-alphabet.htm  => Try http://web.archive.org/web/

Türkic Perso-Arabic script

http://www.omniglot.com/writing/turkish.htm

Home
Back
In Russian
Scripts of Türkic Peoples
Sources
Roots
Tamgas
Alphabet
Writing
Language
Genetics
Geography
Archeology
Religion
Coins
Wikipedia
A.Mukhamadiev - Hunnic Writing
A.Mukhamadiev - Turanian Writing
S.Baichorov Ancient Türkic Runic Monuments of Europe
S.Baichorov European Türkic Grammar
I.Kyzlasov - Paleography of 8 Türkic Alphabets
Türkic and Kharosthi Table
Karosthi
(Kharosthi) Script
Karosthi-Aramaic Script
Alan Dateline
Avar Dateline
Besenyo Dateline
Bulgar Dateline
Huns Dateline
Karluk Dateline
Khazar Dateline
Kimak Dateline
Kipchak Dateline
Kyrgyz Dateline
Sabir Dateline
Seyanto Dateline
4/11/2002
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