|
charset=utf-8
| Morphology |
|---|
| English |
Sumerian |
Turkish |
| -ablative |
Ka-ta |
Kapu-tan, Kapu-dan |
| -accusative |
Ka-n-i |
kapu-n-u, KapI-y-I |
| -dative |
Ka-na |
Kapu-y-a |
| -equiative |
Ka-gim |
Kapu-kimi |
| -genitive |
Ka-na(k) |
Kapu-n-un |
| -innesive |
Ka-ta |
Kapu-da |
| English |
Sumerian |
Turkish |
Karachai - Balkar |
| Abundance |
He-Gal |
g>b bol |
|
| Accumulate |
dirig |
irk (toplamak) [ONT] |
|
| Adam |
Adapa |
Adam (atam)=my father; (homosapien) ataapa = father's father |
|
| Advice |
Gal-ga |
g>b Bil-ge |
|
| Air |
Lil |
l>y yil (yel)= wind |
|
| Ancestor |
Bil-ga |
Bil-ge (=knowledgable, experienced) |
|
| Anger |
mir |
m>k kiz-mak (=to get angry) |
|
| Ant |
marun |
m>k karîn-ca [ONT] |
|
| Arm |
Kar |
Kol, kar? |
|
| Ashes |
De-Dal |
d>k kül |
|
| Away from |
-ta |
-tan, -dan, -ten, -den (suffix) |
|
| Back |
Eger |
Eg~er (=saddle) |
|
| Back of head |
Arku |
arka (=back) |
|
| Band |
dib |
yip (=ip=string) [ONT] |
|
| Bank of river |
Gu |
g>k Kî-yî |
|
| Base |
Ur |
Uruk (=family, clan) |
|
| Be strong (to) |
kalag |
g>ng kaling (kalabalik, çok sürü; kalîn, kesif; çok, sayîsîz, sîk, koyu)
[ONT] |
|
| Be great |
Diri |
Diri (=alive with life, energetic) |
|
| Beaches of river |
Ki-A |
Kî-yî |
|
| Bead |
nunuz |
n>y yinçü (=inci= pearl) [ONT] |
|
| Beans |
Lu-ub |
Lobya, Lobi (Uygur) |
|
| Bear |
Az |
z>y Ayî |
|
| Beard |
Sig |
Sak-al |
|
| Beat (to) |
Tud |
d>v döv |
|
| Beginning |
Sha-Har |
seher, tan (=morning) |
|
| Behind |
E-Gir |
geri |
|
| Belligerent |
Kur |
Kîr-an (=one who breaks) |
|
| Beloved |
Ki-Aga |
Aga (=Lord, elder brother, one who is respected and loved) |
|
| Bend (to) |
Gur |
Eg~ (=bend; Kîr = break) |
|
| Best |
Sag |
Sag~ (=unbroken, in best condition) |
|
| Bird |
Mus~en |
m>k Kus~ (notice the "kus~/mus~" saying in Turkish) |
K'ush |
| Bird |
usa^an |
kus^ (uçan) |
|
| Birdnest |
us^ub |
kus^+eb (kus^evi, yuva) [ONT] |
|
| Birth |
Gal |
Gö-bek (=navel, emblical chord) |
|
| Blacksmiths |
Simug-A |
s>t timur (=blacksmith); (temir= iron) |
|
| Blood |
mud |
m>k kan [ONT] |
Kan |
| Blow (wind) (to) |
es^ |
es-mek [ONT] |
|
| Border |
zag |
z>y yaka (taraf, yan, civar) [ONT] |
|
| Border, limit |
mas^ |
m>k kas^ (kîyî, kenar) [ONT] |
|
| Breakthrough |
Gu-Gir |
KIr gir (=break and enter) |
|
| Breast |
Gaba |
|
Gabara (breastwarmer, bra) |
| Breath |
Lil |
l>y yil (yel) (=wind) |
|
| Bright |
zal |
z>y yal-drîk, (yal-druk, parlak, süslü) |
|
| Bright, light |
zalag |
z>y yalîng (alev, yalçîn) [ONT] |
|
| Broker |
Dam-Kar |
KIr-an |
|
| Brother (older) |
Bulug-Gal |
Aga-bey; aka-uka (UiTr) |
|
| Brother |
S~es~ (Ses) |
Kardas~ |
|
| Build |
Du |
Dik (=build a house; sew a dress) |
|
| But |
Am |
Ama |
|
| Butter |
Ia-Nun |
Yag~ |
|
| By the God |
Dingir-E |
Tengir icin , Tengi icin |
|
| Call |
Sa |
Ca-g~Ir |
|
| Cast away (to) |
ku |
ko-y (birakmak, koymak, terketmek, atmak) |
|
| Catch (to) |
Gab |
Kap= to snatch |
|
| Cattle stable |
s^urum |
m>k sürüg (sürü) [ONT] |
|
| Champion |
Ur |
Er, yigit (= brave man) |
|
| Chanal |
garim |
arik (ark; irmak) [ONT] |
|
| circle |
Char |
|
Charkh (wheel) |
| City |
Uru, Ur |
Uruk (=family, clan) |
|
| City |
Sag-Uru |
Sag~ (=complete, whole); |
|
| Cleanse |
zalag |
z>y Yala (= to clean by licking) |
|
| Clan |
Ul |
|
Ul (son, descendant) |
| Cloth |
Tug |
E-tek |
|
| Come |
Gen, Gin |
Gel |
|
| Command |
A-Aga |
Aga (buyuk kis^i) (=Lord, one who commands) |
|
| Conqueror |
Al-Tar |
Tarkan |
|
| Constable (police) |
Aga-Us |
Aga (=Lord); Us (=reason); koy agasi (=village master) |
|
| Country side |
Kur |
KIr |
|
| Country |
tir |
yir (yer, toprak, [ONT] |
|
| Crown |
Aga |
Aga (=Lord) |
|
| Crush (to) |
Gaz, Guz |
Ez |
|
| Crush |
gaz |
ez-mek [ONT] |
|
| Cry |
I-lu |
Agla |
|
| Cut (to) |
Has^ |
Kes-mek |
|
| Cut into pieces (to) |
kid2 |
kid-mak (kiymak, öldürmek)[ONT] |
|
| Cut up (to) |
Sil(a) 12,117 |
S^IlI (TeleTr)=it cuts |
|
| Cut, break |
tar |
yar-mak [ONT] |
|
| Dagger |
Giri-Ba-Da-Ra |
Gir-en (=piercing instrument) |
|
| Dark |
Ku-Kuga |
Kara (=black) |
|
| Darkness |
Ku-Ku (G) |
Kara |
|
| Dawn |
Sha-har |
Seher, Tan |
|
| Day |
U |
Gün, Kün |
|
| Day, time (in general) |
u4(d) |
kün (gün, günes^, gündüz) [ONT] |
|
| Daybreak, dawn |
dag |
g>ng tang (tan, sabah vakti) [ONT] |
|
| Dead, to die |
us^2 |
s^>l öl (ölmek) [ONT] |
|
| Decree |
A-Aga |
Aga sözü(=Lord's orders) |
|
| Deity |
Dingir |
Tengir, Tengere, Tengri, Tangara |
|
| Desert |
Kur |
KIr (=not fertile land); Kum (=sand) |
|
| Discernment |
umus^ |
m>k ukus^ (akil, anlayis^) [ONT] |
|
| Disperse, undo (to) |
bur |
r>z boz-mak, yikmak [ONT] |
|
| Distance |
Us |
Az, uz (az gittik uz gittik gibi); |
|
| District |
nanga |
n>y yanga (yan, kanat) |
|
| Divorce |
Tag |
Dag~-Il (=separate, disperse) |
|
| Dog |
Lik, Ur |
bör, börü, it; kurt (=wolf) |
|
| Door |
gis^ig |
es^ik (kapi =outside) [ONT] |
|
| Drill (to) |
bur 411,104 |
Burgu (=drill) |
|
| Drive (to) |
Hus 565,58 |
Kos^u (OsTr)=wagon, coach ??? |
|
| Elders |
Ab-ba |
Aba, apa |
|
| Enemy |
taga |
yagi (dus^man) [ONT] |
|
| Energetic |
dirig |
irig, diri [ONT] |
|
| Enourmous |
Diri |
iri |
|
| Equipment(for boat) |
Su-Kara |
su (=water); araç (=equipment) |
|
| Estate |
E |
Ev (=house, estate) |
|
| Esteem highly |
Ig Kal |
iyi, iygi (= good); Kal (=stay) |
|
| Evening |
Usan |
Aks^am |
|
| Excellent |
Diri |
Diri (=alive with life, energetic) |
|
| Excessive (extra) |
Dirig-Dirig |
Diri diri |
|
| Face |
Sag-ki |
Sak-kal (=beard) |
|
| False |
Lul-La |
Yal-an (=lie, deception) |
|
| Far mountain land |
Ish-Kur |
Dîsh kîr (=outside lands) |
|
| Fat |
Ia |
Yag~ |
|
| Father |
Ad-da, A-A |
Ata, Atta |
|
| Feet |
Gir |
Gir (=enter); yürü (=walk) |
|
| Fill (to) |
du3 t |
o-l-mak (dolmak) [ONT] |
|
| Find (to) |
Bu-Bu-Lu |
Bul |
|
| Fine flower |
Zid-Gu |
z>ç Çiçek |
|
| Finger |
u |
Ui (=sleeve) |
|
| Fire |
Ag, Bil, Gira, Izi |
Köz (=non flaming fire); Ag~ (ak=color of glowing fire, white) |
|
| Flashing eyes |
Igi-Gun-Gun |
Gün (=Sun, Sun light, day light) |
|
| Flesh |
Uzu |
Kuzu (=Lamb) |
|
| Follow, accompany |
tag, tuku7 |
daga- (izlemek, es^lik etmek, taklit etmek, emrinde olmak) [ONT] |
|
| Foot |
Gir, Giri |
Gir (=enter) |
|
| Foot |
mulu |
m>k köl (ayak) [ONT] |
|
| Foothill |
Hursag |
KIrsal (=unproductive land) |
|
| For |
Es |
Için |
|
| Ford |
Bala |
Balaban (=large bodied) |
|
| Foundation |
us^ |
s^>l ul (duvar temeli) [ONT] |
|
| Free (to)? |
gid |
id (salmak, göndermek, serbest birakmak, geçirmek, ulas^tirmak) [ONT]
|
|
| Front |
Gaba |
Gabag~ (=Front) |
|
| Fruit |
Gurud |
Gurud (=dried yogurt balls) |
|
| Garden , field |
kiri6 |
kîr (kîr, basîk, dag~, açik yer) [ONT] |
|
| Garden |
Kiri |
kir, yer (toprak) =dirt, soil |
|
| Garment |
Tug |
e-tek (=lower part of woman's dress) |
|
| Gate |
Ka |
Kapu, kapî |
|
| Gateway of the Gods |
Ka-Dingir |
Tengir KapIsI, Tengri KapIsI |
|
| Gather |
Ur |
Ur (=a round growth) |
|
| Girl (young) |
Ki-sikil-Tur |
KIz |
|
| Give (to) |
sum |
sun- (sunmak, uzatmak) [ONT] |
|
| Glanzen?, hell |
zalag |
g>ng yaling (alev; yalçin, sarp, |
|
| Glazed, bright |
zal |
z>y yal (yalov, alev) [ONT] |
|
| Gnaw (to) |
Tukur |
Tükür (=to spit) |
|
| Go |
Gin |
n>t Git |
|
| God - Moon |
Sin? |
Ay Tengri (the word SIN is in Akkadian) |
|
| God - Sun |
Utu |
Kün Tengri |
|
| God |
Dingir |
Tengir, Tengere, Tangara, Tengri |
|
| God of Air and Earth |
En-Lil |
Yil (=Wind, air) |
|
| God of Heaven |
An |
Tan (=Sky); Tengri, TanrI (=Sky God) |
|
| god |
dingir |
tingir, tengri, tanri |
|
| Goddess of Dreams |
Nina |
Ninni (=lullaby) |
|
| Goldsmith |
kudim |
d>y kuyumcu |
|
| Good |
sag |
sag (sag~, iyi, sag~lam) [ONT] |
|
| Grab |
urugal |
kurgan (kurgan, kale, mezar)[ONT] |
|
| Grasp (to) |
Kap |
Kap (=pot, utensil that holds something in); kap-mak = to snatch and
hold |
|
| Grass |
ulia |
öleng (sulak yer, bataklik; ot, çayir; çimenlik; otlak) [ONT] |
|
| Great (to be) |
Gu-ul |
Ulu ol-mak |
|
| Great |
Gal |
Ulu =Great |
|
| Ground |
Ur |
Yer; |
|
| Grow (to make) |
Bulug |
Bulug~ (=to grow ripe; bulug~ =puberty; to reach puberty; to ripen)
|
|
| Guard (to) |
Kurum, Uru |
Koru-mak |
|
| Hair |
Suhur, sig |
Sakal (=beard; Kîl) |
|
| Half |
s^urim |
s>y yarîm (=bir s^eyin yarîsî) [ONT] |
|
| Hand |
silig |
elig (=el) [ONT] |
|
| Hand |
Su, gis |
El, ked, kesi ? |
|
| Happiness |
Sag-Ga |
Sag~ kal (=stay healthy and alive) |
|
| He is/she is |
E-Ne-Am |
o-dur |
|
| He/she |
E-Ne |
an, o |
|
| Head |
Rishu, Sa, Sag |
Bash; sag-ol (=thank you, stay alive) |
|
| Healthy(be) |
Sag |
Sag~ |
|
| Hear (to) |
Gis-Tuku |
is^it |
|
| Heart |
Sa, Ur |
ür-ek (yürek) |
|
| Heat, hot |
izim |
m>k isig (sicak, sicaklik) [ONT] |
|
| Heaven |
An |
Tan (=sky) |
|
| Heaven |
Anna |
Ana (=mother) |
|
| Heaven |
Dingir |
Tengir, Tengri, Tengere (=the most omnipotent god, God of all gods)
|
|
| Heavens |
Shamaini |
Shaman, Kam=Diviner, communicator with Heavens |
|
| Heavy |
Dugud |
AgIr |
|
| Height |
Gur |
Gür (= abundant, dense, high rank); |
|
| Help |
dirra |
yari (=yardim) [ONT] |
|
| Herdsman |
Sipad |
Coban |
|
| Hero |
Mes, Ur |
Er |
|
| Hers |
Enene |
AnIn, onun |
|
| High as sky |
Ul |
Ulu |
|
| High |
Dingir |
Tengir (=Highest as God) |
|
| High |
Gur |
Gur (=high rank) |
|
| Highland |
Kur |
KIr (dagli tasli yer) = hilli, stony unproductive land, countryside
|
|
| Hill country |
Kur |
KIr, KIrac (= arid land, waste land) |
|
| Hinzufugen?? |
tag |
tak- (takmak, bag~lanmak) [ONT] |
|
| His/her |
Enene |
AnIn, onun |
|
| Holy |
Kug |
Kut-sal; kutlu (=blessed) Honey Lal l>b Bal |
|
| Hostile judgement |
Di-Kur |
KIran dil (=language that hurts) |
|
| Hostile |
Kur |
KIr-an (=one who breaks) |
|
| Hot |
Kum |
Kum=sand |
|
| House |
E |
Ev (eb) |
|
| How long? |
En-She |
ne-ce? |
|
| How? |
A-na |
Ne?, Ne-ce?, na-sIl? |
|
| Huge |
Diri |
iri (=huge); diri (=very alive) |
|
| Humid |
Duru |
Duru su (=clean, pure water) |
|
| Hunter |
Ur |
Er (=man, hero, hunter) |
|
| Hurry (to) |
Ul |
Ul-as^ (=come quickly) |
|
| I |
Ma-a |
Men |
|
| Ill, hurt, pain |
gig |
ig (=hastalik, hasta) [ONT] |
|
| Inheritance |
Hala |
Hala (=father's sister) |
|
| Insect |
zibin |
cibin (sinek) |
|
| Intestine |
Ba, bel=inside |
Bel (bil = waist) |
|
| Judge (to) |
Di-Du |
De, di (=to say, to speak, to judge) |
|
| Just as |
Gim |
Kimi |
|
| King |
alim |
m>k ilig (hükümdar, kîral) [ONT] |
|
| Knife |
Giri |
Gir-en (=a piercing object, cutter) |
|
| Know how |
Zu |
Us (=experience, visdom) |
|
| Know |
Zu |
Us (=reason) |
|
| Knowledge |
Zu |
Us (=intelligence, intellect) |
|
| Lady (heavenly) |
Nin-Ana-Si-Anna |
Tan ana |
|
| Lady (palace) |
s^is^, S^es^ |
is^i (=princes; es~= spouse) [ONT] |
|
| Lady |
Nin |
Ha-nIm, nine |
|
| Lady of Air |
Nin-Lil |
Yelana |
|
| Land |
kur |
kuru (kara, toprak, yer) [ONT] |
|
| Large (to) |
Gu-Ul |
Ulu ol |
|
| Large |
Gal |
Ulu |
|
| Large, huge |
dirig |
irig=iri [ONT] |
|
| Lay out |
nad |
n>y yad-mak (yayak, sermek [ONT] |
|
| Leader |
I-Ku, Ku, Sa |
Hakan, Kun, Kan, Han |
|
| Leben?? |
tin |
tin (ruh, nefes, soluk) [ONT] |
|
| Leg |
Gir |
Yürü (=walk) |
|
| Liar |
Lu-Lul |
YalancI |
|
| Lick (to) |
Eme |
em (emmek =to suckle) |
|
| Light |
Bir, gisnu |
Is^In, |
|
| Light |
nurum |
n>y nur (yaruk, parlak) = light [ONT] |
|
| Lighted (be) |
Zal(ag) 393,5 |
Alav (alev)=flame |
|
| Like |
Gim |
Kimi |
|
| Limbs |
Ur |
Ur (=External growth on body) |
|
| Limitlessness |
Ab-Zu |
Son-suz |
|
| Lion |
Aru, |
Ur Arslan |
|
| Listen |
Gis-Tuku |
is^it |
|
| Little |
sig 592,10/19 |
-cik, cek (diminutive suffix) |
|
| Liver |
Ur |
Bag~-Ir, cig~er |
|
| Long for (to) |
As^ 2 339,8 |
As^ ermek (=longing in pregnancy) |
|
| Make (to) |
ki |
ki-l (kilmak, yapmak) [ONT] |
|
| Man (my) |
mulumu |
m>k kul-um (köle-m) [ONT] |
|
| Man, manly |
Er, ir, ur 50,7 |
Er |
|
| Market |
Kar |
Kâr (=profit) |
|
| Meat |
Uzu |
Kuzu (= lamb) |
|
| Fate |
me |
men, men menem (=I am my fate) |
|
| Merchant |
Dam-Kar |
Kâr adamI (= profit man) |
|
| Metal t |
ibira |
temir (demir) [ONT] |
|
| Mighty |
Agal |
Ulug (ulu =grand, mighty) |
|
| Mighty |
Kalag |
Kalag~ (=wall ); wall of dung bricks set up for drying; military
barracks |
|
| Mind |
Us, Us^ 4 536,26 |
Us (= intelligence, mind) |
|
| Mine |
Ma-E, Mana |
Menim |
|
| Minus |
La |
l>m -ma (=suffix for negative expression) |
|
| Misery |
dulum |
yulug (kurban, fidye) [ONT] |
|
| Mother |
Ama |
Ana; emcik (=nipple) |
|
| Mother |
um |
m>k ög (anne) [ONT] |
|
| Much |
S^ug |
Çok |
|
| My |
-mu |
menim, -m (in suffix form) |
|
| Name, fame |
mu |
m>k kü (ün, s~an) [ONT] |
|
| Named (be) |
Na 97,4 |
Nam (old Tr) =name ? |
|
| Narrow |
Sig |
SIkI |
|
| Nibble |
Tukur |
Tükür (=spit) |
|
| Nice |
Sag |
Sag~ (=health); sag~lam (=unbroken) |
|
| Nose |
Bun, Kiri, Kur |
Burun |
|
| Oil |
Ia |
Yag |
|
| Old man |
Ab-ba |
Apa, baba |
|
| Out of, from |
-Ta (suffix) |
-tan, -dan (suffix) |
|
| Ox |
gud |
ud (=sîgîr, öküz, boga) [ONT] |
|
| Parfume |
iduga |
yidik, sidik (pis kokan) [ONT] |
|
| Path, trail, road |
sulu |
s>y yol [ONT] |
|
| Patrimony |
E-Ad-Da |
Ata evi (=parent's home) |
|
| Peak |
Pa 295,11 |
Bas^ (=head); tepe (=hill) |
|
| Peck (with a beak) |
Ka-Ka-Durud |
Gaga (=beak) |
|
| Penis |
Gis |
Sik (Note: word reversal) |
|
| People, folk |
un |
kün (elgün, halk) [ONT] |
|
| Pierce |
Zi |
Kes Kes (=cut) |
|
| Pleasant (to make) |
Sag |
Sag ol (=stay alive; thank you) |
|
| Pleasure |
Sag-Ga |
Sag Kal (=stay alive) |
|
| Ploughing |
Ur-Ru |
Tarla (=field) |
|
| Pluck |
Til-Til |
Yol-mak |
|
| Poem, song |
sir |
s~iir, türkü [ONT] |
|
| Point |
Kiri, Kur |
Burun (=nose, peninsula) |
|
| Pomegranate |
Nurma |
Nar |
|
| Pour out (to) |
dug |
tök (dökmek) [ONT] |
|
| Power (divine) |
Me |
men (kader); |
|
| Power (to have) |
Kalag |
Kala (=Fort; Kalag=wall) |
|
| Prayer |
Ziskur |
Zikir (=pray) |
|
| Prefer |
Sag-Kal |
Sag-kal=wishing you stay alive |
|
| Priest |
Saga |
Ak Sakal (=wise man, elderman) |
|
| Priestess |
Su-Kal |
Ak Sakal (=wise man, elderman) |
|
| Prime, good |
sig |
s>y yig (yeg~= iyi) [ONT] |
|
| Prophet |
Nabu |
Nebi |
|
| Protect (to) |
Dul |
Dul (=widow) |
|
| Protect (to) |
uru |
koru-mak |
|
| Protect, shelter |
kur |
koru- (korumak) [ONT] |
|
| Push |
gid |
it-mek [ONT] |
|
| Rain (to) |
Zub |
Çip Çip (UiTr)=Noise made by dripping water |
|
| Rain |
s~eg |
s>y yag-mur [ONT] |
|
| Raise oneself |
Zig 84,45 |
ÇIk-mak (=to go out or up) |
|
| Ram (Animal) |
alim |
m>k elik (geyik, elik, kiyik; ceylan; dag~ keçisi, yaban keçisi) [ONT] |
|
| Raven (the) |
Kur-Su-Na |
Karga (=crow); suna (=duck) |
|
| Reap (to) |
gur10 |
or- (=kesmek, biçmek) [ONT] |
|
| Reap (to), mow |
gur10 |
orak (=sickle); [ONT] |
|
| Reaping |
gurun6 |
orum (=kesim) [ONT] |
|
| Reeds |
Gi |
Cil (hasir = a water plant used for weaving) |
|
| Reeds |
Gi |
i (= agaç, ekin, bitki, orman) [ONT] |
|
| Rest (to) |
nad3 |
n>y yat-mak; yatak [ONT] |
|
| Right side |
zag |
sag~ (sag~ taraf) |
|
| Ripen (to) |
Bulug |
Bulug (=to reach puberty age) |
|
| Run quickly |
Kas-Kar |
Kos~ (=run); kos~ kos~ (=run quickly) |
|
| Sanctuary |
E-an-na |
Anaevi (=mother's house) |
|
| Sandstorm |
U-Lu |
Ulu yel (=strong wind) |
|
| Search for |
B-Bu-Lu |
Bul |
|
| Seat |
dur |
dur-ma yeri |
|
| Seat |
dur |
tör (sedir, oturma yeri) [ONT] |
|
| Seed (grain) |
Numun |
Tohum |
|
| Seed |
Nummun |
Su Meni suyu (=semen, human seed) |
|
| Semen |
A |
Meni |
|
| Send back (to) |
Ge |
Ge-ri (=towards back) |
|
| Sentence |
Di |
De-mek (=to speak out) |
|
| Sesam oil |
dig |
yag (=oil, fat) [ONT] |
|
| Set foot on (to) |
Giri-Si |
Giris^ (=entrance) |
|
| Shadow |
gis^ge |
s^>l gölge [ONT] |
|
| Shallow |
sig |
sig~ (derin olmaya) |
|
| She |
Ananene |
Hanîm, anaana (=Lady Grandmother) |
|
| She |
Ene-E-ne |
An, o |
|
| Sheep |
udu |
kon~ (koyun) |
|
| Shepherd |
sipad |
çopan [ONT] |
|
| Shine (to) |
zal |
z>y yal-dra (az îs~îmak) [ONT] |
|
| Shine (to) |
Zal(ag) 393,5 |
Alav (alev)=flame |
|
| Sink (to) |
Su-Su |
Su=water |
|
| Six |
as^s^a |
s^>l alti [ONT] |
Alty |
| Skin |
Bar, kus |
Deri; örtü=cover |
|
| Sky |
An |
Tañ, Gök |
|
| Sky God |
Anu |
Tangara, Tengere, Tengir, Tengri |
|
| Slaughter |
Gaz |
Bo-gaz-la; Kes (=cut) |
|
| Sleep (to) |
U , Tu |
Uyu |
|
| Sleep |
u |
u (uyku) [ONT] |
|
| Sleep |
udi |
d>y udi-mak (uyumak; ud=uyku)[ONT] |
|
| Small child |
sag |
s > ç or s^ > ç çag~a (yeni dog~mus^, daha tüyü bitmemis^, [ONT]) |
|
| Small |
sig 592,10/19 |
-cik, cek (diminutive suffix) |
|
| Smear |
Ta-Sar |
Sür (=smear over a surface) sar (=wrap, surround, encircle, bandage)
|
|
| Sour |
Izi 172,159 |
Eks^i |
|
| Speak |
Gu-de, di-Di |
de, di (=speak) |
|
| Speech |
Inim |
Inle-mek (=to moan) |
|
| Speed |
Kas-Kas |
Kos~ Kos~(=hurry); kac (=run away) |
|
| Speed |
kas^4 |
kaç-mak (kos^mak) [ONT] |
|
| Split (to) |
Sil(a) 12,117 |
S^îlî (TeleTr)=it cuts |
|
| Split |
Dar |
yar-mak [ONT] |
|
| Spring t |
ul2 |
yul (kaynak, pinar, su gözü, çay) [ONT] |
|
| Spring |
tul |
bul-ak (su kaynag~î, göze) |
|
| Stall |
hum |
kom (ag~il, ahîr) [ONT] |
|
| Star |
Mul |
Ulduz, yîldîz |
|
| Star |
Zal(ag) 393,5 |
Yalduz; (S^ol-pan (KrTr)=morning star, Venus) |
|
| Stay (to) |
mal |
m>k kal-mak [ONT] |
|
| Stinking |
gid |
sidik (= urine) |
|
| Stinking |
gid |
id/yid (koku, misk) [ONT] |
|
| Storm |
Lil |
Yel, yil (=wind), wind storm |
|
| Storm |
ud |
kad (kar fîrtînasî, bora, tipi) [ONT] |
|
| Strong (to be) |
Kalag |
Kalag (=wall); Kala (=Fort) |
|
| Submerged (to be) |
Gir-Gir |
Gir-mis~=entered |
|
| Suffer a mishap |
Tag-Tag |
Deg-mek (=To touch); tak tak vurmak, zorlu deg-mek (=hit to hurt) |
|
| Summit |
pa |
Bas^(=head), tepe (=hill); ka-pak(=cover) |
|
| Sun |
kid2 |
d>n kün (gün, günes^, gündüz) [ONT] |
|
| Sun, day, time |
ud, dKIN |
kün (kün, günes^, gündüz) [ONT] |
|
| Supplies |
kislah |
kIs~lak (=winter quarters) |
|
| Surpass |
Diri |
Diri (=very alive); Gür-büz (=sturdy, robust, healty) |
|
| Swear |
Tu |
Tu (tükürmek) =spit used as insult |
|
| Tabou |
niggig |
n>y yig- (=engel olmak) [ONT] |
|
| Tail |
Kun |
Kuy-ruk |
|
| Taste |
Su-Su |
Su (=water) |
|
| Tears (crying) |
Biz |
b>g Göz (=eye) |
|
| Ten (10) |
u |
on (sayi "on") |
|
| Ten (10) |
U, un |
on |
|
| Textile |
Gada, Buz |
Boz, bez; boz (= gray colour of textile) |
|
| Their |
-ne-ne |
Onlarîn, -in, -în (suffix form) |
|
| Thick (to be) |
Gur |
Gür (=dense, thick, robust) |
|
| Thight |
Sig |
Sîkî |
|
| Thing |
nig |
g>ng neng (nesne, s^ey, mal, es^ya) [ONT] |
|
| Three (3) |
Es |
üç |
|
| Throw (to) |
ku |
ko-y (birakmak, koymak, terketmek, atmak) |
|
| Time |
ud |
öd (zaman, mevsim, hava) [ONT] |
|
| To be extra |
Dirig |
Diri olmak, canli olmak |
|
| To found, establish |
ur |
kur (tertip etmek, düzenlemek, hazirlamak, tasarlamak) [ONT] |
|
| To guard |
uru |
koru-mak |
|
| To hit |
sag~ |
çak (çakmak, vurmak) [ONT] |
|
| To sweep away |
ur |
kürü- (kürek gibi bir s^eyle atmak) |
|
| to be |
Gal |
g>b bol, ol |
|
| to speak |
di |
di, de (demek) |
|
| Tongue |
E-Me |
em (=suckle); meme (=breast) |
|
| Torn |
dirig |
yirik , yarik (yirtik) [ONT] |
|
| Toss away (to) |
ku |
ko-y (birakmak, koymak, terketmek, atmak) |
|
| Touch |
Tag |
Deg~ |
|
| Touch upon (to) |
te(ga) |
teg~- (deg~mek, dokunmak) [ONT] |
|
| Trail |
Sila |
iz, yol (keci yolu) =goat's path |
|
| Tree |
Gis |
Agaç |
|
| Troops |
Eren |
Eren (Erler, askerler)=troops |
|
| Truth, upright, just |
zi(d) |
çin (gerçek, gerçeklik, dog~ru) [ONT] |
|
| Turban |
Aga |
Aga (=Lord) |
|
| Two |
imma |
m>k ikki (iki) [ONT] |
|
| Uncle |
Dod |
d>y Dayî (=mother's brother) |
|
| Uplands |
Kur-sa |
KIr-lar |
|
| Urine |
kas^ |
kas^-an-mak (atin, buyukbas^ hayvanlarin is^emesi) [ONT] |
|
| Utensils |
kabkagag |
kapkacak (kitchen utensils) [ONT] |
|
| Vast |
Gal |
Ulu, Genis^ |
|
| Verdict (to render a) |
Di-Til |
Di, De =To speak; Til (dil)=tongue, |
|
| Vessel |
Bur |
Bur-mak (=to turn); buruk (=turned, rotated); burgu (=drill) |
|
| Vigorous |
Kalag |
Kala (=Fortified, well protected) |
|
| Village |
E-Duru |
Ev=house; Duran (=stays put, immobile); duran ev = immobile house |
|
| Violence |
Erim |
Er (=man, soldier, hero) |
|
| Virgin |
Ki-sikil-Tur |
Kîz |
|
| Vizier |
Sukkalmah |
Ak Sakal= elderman, wiseman |
|
| Washing |
tu5 |
t>y yu (yikamak) [ONT] |
|
| Waste land |
Su |
Sulu yer(batak)=waste land |
|
| Water fresh (fr. well) |
Ab-zu |
Su (sub, suv =Water) (5) |
|
| We |
Menden |
Men-d-en (en is a plurality suffix in Turkish); miz, biz |
|
| What is it? |
A-Na-Am |
Nemene (Azeri) |
|
| Whatsoever |
nig |
g>ng neng (nesne, s^ey, mal, es^ya) [ONT] |
|
| Wheat |
ziz |
z>ç çeç (teç, samanîndan ayrîlmîs^ tahîl yîgînî) [ONT] |
|
| Who |
Ki |
Kim |
|
| Willow |
gis~kim |
g>y yîlgîn (îlgîn agacî) [ONT] |
|
| Wind |
Lil |
l>y Yil (yel) |
|
| Wood, tree |
gis~ |
g>y yis~ (agac, orman, dag) [ONT] |
|
| Wooden house |
Barag |
Baraka |
|
| Wool, body hair |
sig |
g>ng yüng (yün, yün sümeg~i) [ONT] |
|
| Work |
umus^ |
yumus^ (hizmet, vazife, is^) [ONT] |
|
| Work |
us^ |
is^ |
|
| Workmen |
Erin-E |
Eren (=men) |
|
| Write |
Sar |
Sür (old Turkish); yaz |
|
| Written document |
Petka |
Bitke |
|
| You |
Menzen |
Sen, Sin |
|
|
1. According to the observations of Prof. Dr. Osman Nedim Tuna, the following
sound transformations take place between Sumerian and Turkish: a. The consonant D, when at the beginning of a Sumerian word, changes to Y or
drops out altogether in becoming a Turkish word. Examples in Sumerian/Turkish
are: dar/yar (yarmak); dip/yip (ip); dig/yag (yag~); dir/yir (yirmek);
dirig/irig (sert, kaba, has^in, gayretli, iri, kalin).
b. The consonant G, when at the beginning of a Sumerian word, changes to Y or
drops out altogether in becoming a Turkish word. Examples in Sumerian/Turkish
are: gamar/agir (ag~îr); garim/ar(î)k (irmak, ark, germeç, kas^, kanal); gaz/ez
(ezmek); gi/i (ag~aç, ekin, bitki, orman); gid/id- (salmak, gondermek, serbest
birakmak); gig/ig (hastalik, hasta); gis^/yîs^ (orman, dag~, ag~aç, çalî, );
gis^ig/es^ik (kapî); gud/ud (ox = sîgîr, öküz)
c. The consonant M, when at the beginning of a Sumerian word, changes to K in
becoming a Turkish word. Examples in Sumerian/Turkish are: mal/kal (kalmak);
mulu/kul (kul, köle); mus^en/kus^.
d. The consonant N, when at the beginning of a Sumerian word, changes to Y or
drops out altogether in becoming a Turkish word. Examples in Sumerian/Turkish
are: nad9/yad- (yaymak, dös^emek, sermek; Note: among dialects of Turkish d>y
translation is common); nanga/yanga (yan, taraf, îrmagîn bir yanî); niggig/yîg-
(bir s^eye engel olmak); nigin/yîgîn (yîg~în, kume, yig~îlmîs^); nurum/yaruk
(îs^îk, aydînlîk, parlak).
e. The consonant S, when at the beginning of a Sumerian word, changes to Y or
drops out altogether in becoming a Turkish word. Examples in Sumerian/Turkish
are: sig/yig (yeg~, iyi); sig/yüng (yün, yün sümeg~i); sis^,s^is^, s^es^/ is^i
(princes, lady); s^urim/yarîm (yarîm, bir s^eyin yarîsî); zag, sag/yaka (taraf,
yan, cîvar); zal/yal (yalînmak, alevlenmek).
f. The consonant S^, when at the beginning of a Sumerian word, changes to Ç
in becoming a Turkish word. Examples in Sumerian/Turkish are: sag/çak (çakmak,
vurmak); sipad/çopan (koy buyugunun yardrîmcrîsrî, gizir, çoban); s^ab/çap
(vurmak, çaptrîrmak).
g. The vowel U, when at the beginning of a Sumerian word, changes to K plus a
vowel in becoming a Turkish word. Examples in Sumerian/Turkish are: ud/kün (gün,
gündüz, günes^); udu/kong (koyun); umag/kömek (gömek, çamurlu bataklik yer);
ur/kur (kurmak, düzenlemek, hazrîrlamak); urugan/kurgan (kurgan, mezar, kale);
uru/koru (korumak).
h. The consonant D following the first vowel of a Sumerian word, stays as D
in becoming a Turkish word. Examples in Sumerian/Turkish are: adakur/adak (ayak,
içki kadehi, çanak, kase); gid/id (koku, misk); gud/ud (sîg~îr, öküz); ud/od
(zaman, vakit, mevsim, hava); udi/udi- (udimek, uyumak); nad/yad (yaymak,
dös^emek, sermek).
i. The consonant M following the first vowel of a Sumerian word, changes to K
in becoming a Turkish word. Examples in Sumerian/Turkish are: amas^/agîl (ag~îl,
koyun yatag~î, koyun pislig~i); geme/eke (abla); imma/ikki (iki); umus^/ukus^
(akîl, anlayîs^).
j. The consonant R following the first vowel of a Sumerian word, changes to Z
in becoming a Turkish word. Examples in Sumerian/Turkish are: bur/boz (bozmak,
yîkmak); har/kaz (kazmak); mir/kîz- (îzmak); sar/yaz- (yazmak, s^as^mak, çözmek,
yanîlmak); ur/öz (can, ruh, gönül).
k. The consonant S^ following a vowel of a Sumerian word, changes to L in
becoming a Turkish word. Examples in Sumerian/Turkish are: amas^/agîl (ag~il,
koyun yatag~î); as^s^a/altî; gis^ge/kölige (gölge); us^/ul (duvar temeli);
us^2/öl- (ölmek)
l. The consonant D at the end of a Sumerian word, changes to N in becoming a
Turkish word. Examples in Sumerian/Turkish are: dugud/yogun (kalîn, yogun);
kid2/kün (gün, günes^, gündüz); sipad/çopan (çoban).
m. "ae" at the end of a Sumerian word, changes to "an" in becoming a Turkish
word. Examples in Sumerian/Turkish are: mae/men; zae/sen; s^ulpae/çolpan (Çoban
yîldîzî); ulia/öleng (sulak yer, bataklîk, ot, çayîr, çimenlik).
n. "g" at the end of a Sumerian word, changes to "ng" in becoming a Turkish
word. Examples in Sumerian/Turkish are: as^a(g)/alang (alan, düz, açîk yer); dag/tang
(tan, sabah vakti); nig/neng (nesne, s^ey, es^ya, mal) m. "m" at the end of a
Sumerian word, changes to "k" in becoming a Turkish word. Examples in
Sumerian/Turkish are: alim/elik (geyik, elik, kiyik); alim/ilig (hükümdar, kîral);
izim/isig (sicak, sicaklîk).
2. For the English - Sumerian dictionary, were used sources by Adapa and Ott Kostner as
given above in References ESD and SSMM.
3. In this list of Sumerian and Turkish correspondence words, I went through
a large number of words in the referenced dictionaries and marked those
Sumerian words that I believe are related to or are direct correspondence to the
word or words shown in the Turkish column.
4. Some of the correspondences that I located were also given in Dr. Osman
Nedim Tuna's book, so in the list above, I marked them with [ONT].
5. The Sumerian word read as "abzu" is in fact written in the form "zuab".
There is no basis for reading its rendition as "abzu". If it was
read "zuab", as written in Sumerian, it would have a direct correspondence
with the Turkish "sub, suc, su" meaning water, fresh water.
|
