The posting's notes and explanations, added to the text of the author and not noted specially, are shown blue in parentheses (), grammatical clarifications in angular brackets <>. In the original publication the author's comments, in contrast with his direct translations, are implied by larger offset margins, not necessarily applied consistently; the author's explanations that are clear from the contents in the posting are enclosed in distinct boxes. The author's notes in the original publication are denoted by round parenthesis 1). Page numbers are shown at the beginning of the page in blue, with associated PDF file page number. To avoid font conflicts, the Russian original is presented in modern orthography. The dates highlighted by N.Bichurin are shown in front of the respective sentence. Additional subtitles are shown in blue. The copyright for the 1851 publication expired long ago, the publication is in the public domain.

Distinct from many other historians who limited themselves to the Chinese dynastic histories, N.Ya.Bichurin also translated chronological compilations known under a name Tongjian Gangmu 通鉴纲目 (Gang-mu/Gangmu/Ган-му, Chinese General History) which supplements the narcissism of the dynastic compilations with news about surrounding peoples. Some records of the annals translated by N.Bichurin in 1830's and published in his monograph in 1850's, in the 21-st century still remain terra incognita for such scientists as H.W.Bailey (1985), J.Harmatta (1999), and C.Beckwith (2009); E.Pulleyblank, N.Di Cosmo (2002), and A.Vovin (2000), who develop their theories hopping over firm facts, and not being mentioned, the facts remained unknown to the readers of the O.J.Maenchen-Helfen monograph (1973). The detailed records of the annals completely undermine the manufactured enigma of the Huns, and of the Türkic peoples, testifying that Uigurs were a maternal dynastic tribe, and Huns were paternal dynastic tribe, thus making, generation after generation, every child an offspring of both lines. The Chinese ethnologic descriptions in the N.Bichurin's extractions reflect almost exclusive Türkic traditions, confirmed many times over by other historical sources: permanent marital paired relationship, levirate, food of meat and koumiss, equality of sexes, funeral ceremony, lateral succession, federated state, prototype of rodeo (and polo, Tr. čögän/čoɣan), linguistic and genetic relationship, cult of Tengri deity, role of shaman priests in religious practices, wolf as a primogenitor, etc. Any scientist who ignores such documentary facts, uses a flashlight of a black hole type to illumination their subject. Before N.Bichurin, the Tongjian Gangmu was used by generations of Sinologists in the translation of J. de Mailla (1669-1748), who published a fuller French translation in 12 volumes in the 18-th century: " Histoire générale de la Chine, ou Annales de cet Empire; traduit du Tong-kien-kang-mou par de Mailla", Paris, 1777-1783.

Volume 1
TABLE OF CONTENTS FIRST PART OF FIRST VOLUME
		Page
Introduction (coming)		I
I	Historical Notes Shi-Tszi	XIV
II	History of Former House of Han, Tsan-Han-Shu	XV
III	History of Later House of Han, Heu-Han-Shu	-
IV	History of House of Tszin, Tszin-Shu	XVI
V	History of House of Wei, Wei-Shu	-
VI	Northern History Bei-Shu	XVII
VII	History of House of Sui, Sui-Shu	-
VIII	History of House of T'han, T'han-Shu	XVIII
IX	History of Sun dynasty, Sun-Shu	XIX
X	History of Tsi dynasty, Tsi-Shu	-
XI	History of Lian dynasty, Lian-Shu	XX
XII	History of Chen dynasty, Chen-Shu	-
List of Principalities		-
Order of monarchic dynasties		XXV
Compilation of Histories		XXVIII
Contents of Historical Notes		XXXП
History of Former dynasty Han		XXXI
Features		XXXII
Introduction to the first part (coming)		L
Index of proper names
DIVISION 1
Hunnu (Huns)      Sect. 1-2      Sect 3-4		1
DIVISION 2
Uhuan		151
DIVISION 3
Syanbi		161
TABLE OF CONTENTS SECOND PART OF FIRST VOLUME
DIVISION 4
Juanjuan (Jujan)		205
DIVISION 5
Hoihu (Uigur)		246
DIVISION 6
Tugü (Ashina Türks)		256
Western House of Tugü (Ashina Türks)		340
DIVISION 7
Account of House of Hoihu (Uigur)		373
Addition Gaogui peoples
I	Seyanto	426
П	Baegu	488
III	Pugu	484
IV	Tunlo	-
V	Hun	435
VI	Kibi	436
VII	Dolange	-
VIII	Ade	437
IX	Gelolu (Karluks)	-
X	Basimi	438
XI	Dubo	489
XII	Guligan	-
XIII	Baisi	440
XIV	Huse	441
-
I	Hakyasy. Hagas	449
II	Shato	452
DIVISION 8
Kidan		458
	Hi. Otherwise Kumohi	470
General review of Mongolia in connection with other Central Asian countries		477

 

Volume 2
TABLE OF CONTENTS PART SECOND
		Page
Introduction		1
DIVISION 1
Account on Chaosyan		1
DIVISION 2
Account on Chaosyan		9
DIVISION 3
Account on Eastern aliens
I	Fuyui	15
II	Ileu	18
III	Gao-guili	20
IV	Guili	22
V	Eastern Wotsayui	26
VI	Wei	27
VII	Han	30
VIII	Japan	34
DIVISION 4
Account on Eastern aliens		38
I	Gao-guili	38
II	Bo-Tsan	42
III	Sinlo	45
IV	Japan	46
V	Fusan	50
DIVISION 5
Account on Eastern aliens		38
I	Gaoli	54
II	Bo-Tsan	71
III	Sinlo	80
IV	Ugi	82
V	Hi	87
VI	Kidan	89
VII	Shiwei	92
VIII	Deumoleu	96
IX	Dileugan	-
X	Uhoheu	97
DIVISION 6
Account on Eastern aliens		98
I	Gaoli	98
II	Bo-Tszi	107
III	Sinlo	112
IV	Mohe	114
V	Japan	117
DIVISION 7
Account on Eastern aliens		123
I	Gaoli	123
II	Bo-Tszi	160
III	Sinlo	168
Addition on kingdom Bo-Hai		178

Volume 2
TABLE OF CONTENTS PART THIRD
		Page
DIVISION 1
Account on Davan (Fergana)		1
DIVISION 2
Account on Western Territory		33
Introduction		33
1	Jokyan	37
2	Shanshan	38
3	Tszyuimo	43
4	Syao-wan	-
5	Tszingue	44
6	Junlu	-
7	Umi	-
8	Kyuile	-
9	Uityan, Hotan	-
10	Pishan, Pishanai	45
11	Uto	-
12	Sie. Ulerek	46
13	Puli. Serlyk	-
14	Inai. Ingasar	47
15	Ulei. Arachul	-
16	Nandu	-
17	Gibin	48
18	Ugeshanli	52
19	Ansi	-
20	Great Yuechjies	54
21	Kangyui (Kangar)	56
22	Davan (Fergana)	59
23	Husun (Hüsün)	61
24	Guandu (Güandu)	62
25	Sogui. Yarkyan	-
26	Sule. Kashgar	63
27	Yuitu. Ush	64
28	Usun	64
29	Gumo	76
30	Vynsu. Aksu	77
31	Guitsy. Kucha	-
32	Ulei. Tsiter	-
33	Kyuili	78
34	Yuili. Halga-Aman	85
35	Weisyui, Chagan-tupge	86
36	Yanki. Harashar (Karashar/Karadjar)	—
37	Utantsyli	86
38	Bilu	—
39	Back Bilu, i.e. eastern	—
40	Yuilishi. Subesi	—
41	Dapkuan	87
42	Pulei. Urumtsi	—
43	Back Pulei, i.e. eastern	—
44	Western Pulei	—
45	Eastern Tseyuiin	—
46	Ge, Bulalik in Turpan	88
47	Huhu, Pichan	—
48	Shan-go, Mountain possession	—
49	Cheshy Near	—
50	Back Cheshy, i.e. northern	89
DIVISION 3
Account on Western Territory		100
Introduction		100
1	Gyuimi	110
2	Yuityan, Hotan	111
3	Sie. Ulerek	113
4	Tszyhe. Kukyar	—
5	Dejo	114
6	Tyaochji	—
7	Ansi	—
8	Datsin, Rome	115
9	Great Yuechjies	118
10	Gaofu	119
11	Tyanchju	—
12	Dupli	121
13	Sui	—
14	Yan	—
15	Yantsai	—
16	Sogui, Yarkin	—
17	Sule, Kashgar	128
18	Yanki	130
19	Pulei	131
20	Ichjy	—
21	Eastern Tszyuimi	132
22	Near Cheshy	132
23	Far Cheshy	—
DIVISION 4
Account on Western Territory
Introduction		136
1	Shanshan	142
2	Tszyuiko	143
3	Yuityan, Hotan	144
4	Pushan	147
5	Siguiban	—
6	Tsuanyuimo	—
7	Kyuiso	—
8	Cheshy	—
9	Gao-chan	149
10	Tszyuimi	158
11	Yanki, Harashchar (Karashar/Karadjar)	—
12	Guitsy. Kucha	160
13	Gumo	161
14	Vynsu Aksu	162
15	Yuitu, Ush	—
16	Usun	—
17	Sule. Kashgar	—
18	Yueban	16З
19	Chjechjyba	165
20	Mimu	—
21	Syvangan	—
22	Nuka	—
23	Lona	166
24	Sude	—
25	Bosy	—
26	Fuluny	170
27	Shechjihan	—
28	Gasheny	—
29	Bochji	—
30	Meuchji	—
31	Afotaikan	—
32	Husymi	—
33	Noshebolo	171
34	Tszaogachji	—
35	Gabudan	—
36	Chjesho	—
37	Gapei	—
38	Chjesemosun	—
39	Tsandun	—
40	Fudisha	—
41	Yanfoge	172
42	Great Yuechjies	—
43	Ansi	—
44	Tyaochji	173
45	Datsin	—
46	Ageutsyav	174
47	Bolu	175
48	Lesser Yuechjies	—
49	Gabin	—
50	Tuhulo	176
51	Fuho	—
52	Nan Tyanchju	—
53	Leifulo	177
54	Badeu	—
55	Eda	—
56	Chjugui	179
57	Gkepanto	—
58	Boho	180
59	Bochji	—
60	Shehi	—
61	Wuchang	—
62	Kyanto	181
63	Kang	—
64	An	183
65	Shi	184
66	Women's kingdom	—
67	Bohan	186
68	Tuholo	—
69	Mi	—
70	Shy	187
71	Tsao	—
72	He	188
73	Unage	—
74	Mu	—
75	Tsao	189
DIVISION 5
Account on Western Territory		190
Introduction		190
1	Gao-chan	191
2	Kan	195
3	An	196
4	Shi	197
5	Women's kingdom	198
6	Yanki, Harashar	199
7	Guitsy. Kucha	200
8	Sule, Kashgar	—
9	Yuityan. Hotan	201
10	Bohan	202
11	Tuholo	202
12 28?	Idan	203
13	Mi	—
14	Shy	—
15	Tsao	204
16	He	—
17	Unage	205
18	Mu	—
19	Bosy	—
DIVISION 6
Account on Western Territory		207
1	Nipolo. Nipal	207
2	Gao-chan	208
3	Yanki, Harashar	214
4	Guitsy. Kucha	218
5	Sule. Kashgar	224
6	Yuityan, Hotan	225
7	Tyan-chju. India	228
8	Cheshy Mogeto	234
9	Gibin	235
10	Kan	238
11	Ninyuan	251
12	Large Bolyui	252
13	Tuholo	254
14	Sei	257
15	Shini	258
16	Geshemi	260
17	Gudo	262
18	Bosy. Persia	268
19	Folin	267
20	Dashi	270
Geographical index of places on a map in history of ancient Central Asian peoples		1

ALLOWED FOR PRINTING with prints to be submitted to the Censor Committee in  rule-governed number of copies S.Peterburg, October 16th day, 1849 Censor Ya. Elagin.