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Türkic Tamgas Тюркские Тамги

A.-H. Sh. Janibekov
Essays on the History of Nogais

1935 г.,
Archive of Dagestan Institute of Language and Literature,169 sheets, Folio 28, List 1, File 2
Archive of Institute of History, Archaeology and Ethnography DSC RAN, Folio 5, List 1 File 68
Tamgas of the Crimean Tatar people

 
Foreword

The Stalinist period in the life of the Türkic people was most devastating, affecting culture even more then the effects of the deportations and genocide. The literacy dropped from nearly 100% to nill, under the scheme of cycling through alphabets were introduced replacement literature and language, and not only the the civil and religious archives were mercilessly wiped out from the face of the earth, but also every scrap of paper that the occupiers saw as foreign to them. Whole family libraries and archives were hurriedly hid underground, where they quickly decomposed. Devastation of the nations and ethnic groups was intended to wipe out not only the material traces of history, but also the historical memory of the people, down to the individual level, and that included not only the tamgas of the nations and ethnic groups, but the tamgas of the clans and families. The 70 years of Stalinism for a time achieved what the previous 2 millennia failed to do - to turn people into faceless chattel.

The original A.-H. Sh. Janibekov's text of the 1935 typewritten work may contain some errors, typos, and is definitely in poor polygraphic state, but it contains a throve of information used by later scholars to reconstruct the past and link it to the present. The posting notations added to the A.-H. Sh. Janibekov record are shown in italics blue.

A.-H. Sh. Janibekov
Essays on the History of Nogais
Tamgas of the Crimean Tatar people

101
102

Table 1 (columns are moved in accordance with accepted order; tamga's attribution to the Crimean Tatar people is not clearly defined, and may only refer to the Nogai part of the Crimean Tatars)
Konyrat, Badai

No Tribe or clan Other Names/Tribes Tamgas. Brand Tamgas Name
1 Konyrat, Badai   куюскан, лям-элиф
:2 Otar (remains of Khazars and Naiman) (Kerei) Kerei elshen (ashamay - children's, women's saddle)
3 Burkut clan, Naiman group Alach -
4 Serkeli   serke
5 Tuluga   shackley yrbak, yarlyga
6 Kypchak   dal
7 -   kelep
8 Ergenekli   Kundraz (s?)
9 - Argin, As? besik
10 -   uigur
11 Mangit Kirgiz, Kyrk chumish - scoop
12 Ungit, Novkis, Burkut, Kangly   ay-moon kytai - bow
13 Sarai Merkit, Min, Mesit, Naiman balty - hammer
14 -   chigir - wheel
15 Keneges   tarah-comb
16 Kongyr Kara As, Alach kazayak - goose foot (kazayyakly)
17 -   kayisy - scissors
18 -   sulak (part of the cart)
19 Kongrat   shayyki - sandals
20 -   hearth
21 Uymaut   ashamay - cross
22 As, of Mangyt kuba Argin, As square
23 Naiman Jalair heckle
24 Toymas   slip
25 Kereit   -
26 Kangly   bodrak
27 Temir-Hoja (Tergenchi)   klych (sword)
28 Toermaly   shumish with a hook (toirmaly shomush bucket with curved handle)
29 Tama (?)   tama (kösalip)
30 Jan Amet   , eki elep
31 Mangyt (?)   yesenei
32 Keneges Kenegez heckle
33 Kangly (Kongyr kuba)   kuyuskanly
34 Kangly (Kongyr kuba)   yreak, koosz
35 -   -
36 Kara Uyrum   -
37 Mesit Abakly barhan dune
38 Shimbay (?)   argun
39 Uysun   '' imseik (?)
40 Sarai   kiryu

Facsimile pages


Tamgas of the Crimean Tatar people

The Crimean historical oikonymia has genotypes and ethnic names common in Turkic-Mongol ethnonymy:

No Tribe or clan Other Names/Tribes Tamgas. Brand Tamgas Name
1 Irgakly (Fig. 1, 12)

Kirei (Girei, Kerei, Karait)

 
2 Karaim Alacha, Kara As, Kongyr senek - wooden pitchfork
3 Karaim   kalkan - shield
4 Abakly (Fig. 4)    
5 Alach (Fig. 5)    
6 Argin, As (Fig. 6)    
7 Achamayly (Fig. 7)    
8 Bodrak (Fig. 8)    
  Buyten, Burlak, Dair, Jaytamgaly (Fig. 10)   jai-tamga depicts bow - Fig. 9
  Jalair   heckle
11 Dulat, Dyurmen (Fig. 11)    
12 Irgakly (Fig. 1, 12)    
13 Ishun ~ Uyshun (Fig. 13)    
14 Kanly (Fig. 14)    
15 Katagan (Fig. 15)    
16 Kenegez (Fig. 16)   heckle
17 Kereit (Tama) (Fig. 17) Tama  
  Tama (Fig. 17)    
18 Kerleut, Kipchak (Fig. 18)    
19 Kirghiz, Kirk (Fig. 19)    
20 Kitai (Fig. 20)    
21 Kiyat, Kirey (Fig. 21)    
22 Konrat (Fig. 22)    
23 Mangit (Fig. 23)    
24 Merkit, Min, Mesit, Naiman (Fig. 24)    
25 Sidjeut (Fig. 25)    
26 Toksaba, Turkmen (Fig. 26)    
27 Argin (Fig. 27)

Sarai

 
28 Kudalan-Yashlav (Fig. 28)    
29 Shirin (Fig. 29)    

Source List
http://kazan-tatar.narod.ru/tamga.htm

Irgakly (Fig. 1, 12)
Karaim (Fig. 2),
Karaim (Fig. 3),
Abakly (Fig. 4),
Alach (Fig. 5),
Argin, As (Fig. 6),
Achamayly (Fig. 7),
Bodrak (Fig. 8),
Buyten, Burlak, Dair, Jaytamgaly (Fig. 10) (jai-tamga depicts bow - Fig. 9)
Jalair (Fig. 10),
Dulat, Dyurmen (Fig. 11);
Irgakly (Fig. 1, 12)
Ishun ~ Uyshun (Fig. 13),
Kanly (Fig. 14),
Katagan (Fig. 15),
Kenegez (Fig. 16),
Kereit (Fig. 17);
Kerleut, Kipchak (Fig. 18),
Kirghiz, Kyrk (Fig. 19),
Kitai (Fig. 20)
Kiyat, Kirey (Fig. 21),
Konrat (Fig. 22)
Mangit (Fig. 23),
Merkit, Min, Mesit, Naiman (Fig. 24)
Sijeut (Fig. 25),
Tama (Fig. 17);
Toksaba, Turkmen (Fig. 26),
Argin (Fig. 27)
Kudalan-Yashlav (Fig. 28)
Shirin (Fig. 29).

ungut, chyuyut, yashlav and many others (see [List of populated areas] in Crimea). Nomadic settlements (auls) were called by the people who were lived in tribal communities. Over time, the name of the clan or tribe (gene- or ethnonym) turned into the name of the aul (oikonym). Almost all primary historical oikonyms reflect the Crimean Tatar and Nogai tribal names.

 
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7/29/2011
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